Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree
Difficulty: Medium
Category: DSA
Topics: Tree, Depth-First Search, Binary Search Tree, Binary Tree
Asked at: Amazon, Facebook, LinkedIn, Oracle, Microsoft
Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) node of two given nodes in the BST.
According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes `p` and `q` as the lowest node in `T` that has both `p` and `q` as descendants (where we allow **a node to be a descendant of itself**).”
**Example 1:**
**Input:** root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5], p = 2, q = 8
**Output:** 6
**Explanation:** The LCA of nodes 2 and 8 is 6.
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**Example 2:**
**Input:** root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5], p = 2, q = 4
**Output:** 2
**Explanation:** The LCA of nodes 2 and 4 is 2, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
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**Example 3:**
**Input:** root = [2,1], p = 2, q = 1
**Output:** 2
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**Constraints:**
- The number of nodes in the tree is in the range `[2, 105]`.
- `-109 <= Node.val <= 109`
- All `Node.val` are **unique**.
- `p != q`
- `p` and `q` will exist in the BST.